World Wide Web
The World Wide Web (WWW), also referred to as the Web, is an information system that makes it possible to access documents and other web resources over the Internet.
Programs like web browsers can access documents and other downloaded media that are made available to the network through web servers. Uniform resource locators are character strings that are used to identify and locate servers and resources on the Internet (URLs). A web page formatted in Hypertext Markup Language is the original and still most popular type of document (HTML). This markup language enables simple text, graphics, video and audio content that has been embedded, as well as scripts (short programs) that handle complex user interaction. In addition, the HTML language includes embedded URLs (hyperlinks), which offer direct access to other web resources. Following such hyperlinks across many websites is known as web navigation, sometimes known as online surfing. Web pages that serve as application software are known as web apps. The Hypertext Move Protocol is used to transfer data from the Web across the Internet (HTTP).
A website is made up of numerous web pages that share a common theme and frequently use the same domain name. While some websites, especially the more famous ones, may be hosted by many servers, a single web server may host multiple websites. An huge amount of instructional, entertaining, commercial, and governmental information is offered by a wide range of businesses, organizations, governments, and individual users as website content.
The dominant software platform in the world today is the World Wide Web. It is the main method by which billions of people utilize the Internet.
Initially intended as a document management system, the Web. Tim Berners-Lee created it in 1989 at CERN, and it became accessible to the general world in 1991. At first intended as a document management system, the Web was created by English computer scientist Tim Berners-Lee at CERN. A workable system, which included the WorldWideWeb browser and an HTTP server, was implemented by the end of 1990 after the original proposal was written in 1989. The technology was made available outside of CERN to other research organizations beginning in January 1991, and then on August 23, 1991, it was made available to the general public. At CERN, the Web proved successful and started to expand to other academic and scientific institutions. 50 websites were made throughout the course of the following two years.
In 1993, CERN made the Web protocol and code freely available, paving the way for its widespread adoption.
The Web rapidly gained popularity once the NCSA published Mosaic later that year, with thousands of websites appearing in less time than a year. A graphical browser called Mosaic and a form-processing server called HTTPd were both used to display inline graphics and submit forms (see CGI). The following year, Marc Andreessen and Jim Clark formed Netscape and published Navigator, which brought Java and JavaScript to the Web. It swiftly took over as the preferred browser. In 1995, Netscape went public, sparking a Web craze and the beginning of the dot-com bubble. Internet Explorer was created by Microsoft as a response. It gained popularity by being included with Windows and holding that position for 14 years.
The World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), founded by Tim Berners-Lee, produced XML in 1996 and advocated switching from HTML to the more restrictive XHTML.
In the interim, developers started using IE's XMLHttpRequest functionality to create Ajax apps, ushering in the Web 2.0 era. After rejecting XHTML, Mozilla, Opera, and Apple founded the WHATWG, which produced HTML5. The W3C surrendered and gave up XHTML in 2009, and in 2019 it handed the WHATWG control of the HTML specification.
The World Wide Web has been essential to the growth of the Information Age and is the main platform for interaction on the Internet for billions of people.
The World Wide Web and the Internet are frequently used interchangeably. The two names do not, however, have the same meaning. A system of worldwide computer networks connected through telecommunications and optical networking is known as the Internet. The World Wide Web, in contrast, is a global collection of documents and other resources connected by URIs and hyperlinks. HTTP or HTTPS, which are application-level Internet protocols that make use of the Internet's transport protocols, are used to access web resources.
In order to view a web page on the World Wide Web, one must either enter the page's URL into a web browser or click on a link to the page or resource. To fetch and display the requested page, the web browser subsequently starts a series of background communication messages. In the 1990s, using a browser to see web pages and navigate between them by clicking on hyperlinks became known as "browsing," "web surfing," or "navigating the Web." Early research on this new tendency examined online browser usage trends. One study, for instance, identified five user patterns: targeted navigation, bounded navigation, evolved navigation, and exploratory navigation.
The following example shows how a web browser operates while navigating to the page http://example.org/home.html. Using the widely used Domain Name System, the browser converts the server name in the URL (example.org) into an Internet Protocol address (DNS). This lookup produces an IP address like 2001:db8:2e::7334 or 203.0.113.4. The browser then makes a request for the resource by sending an HTTP request to the machine at that address across the Internet. In order for the receiving host to distinguish an HTTP request from any other network protocols it could be serving, it makes a specific TCP port request that is well recognized for the HTTP service. Both HTTP and HTTPS typically use port numbers 80 and 443, respectively. The HTTP request body can contain as little as two lines of text: The machine that receives the HTTP request sends it to the web server program that is monitoring port 80 for requests. If the webserver can handle the request, it replies to the browser with an HTTP response signaling success. To format the text on the screen, the web browser parses the HTML and translates the markup (such as title>, p> for paragraph, and other symbols) that surrounds the words. The URLs of additional resources, including photos, other embedded media, scripts that alter page behavior, and Cascading Style Sheets that affect page layout, are frequently referenced in web pages using HTML. For these extra Internet media kinds, the browser sends additional HTTP requests to the web server. The browser gradually produces the page as described by its HTML and these supplementary resources as it receives their content from the web server.
web protocol
Due to the common practice of naming Internet hosts based on the services they offer, many hostnames used for the World Wide Web start with www. A web server's hostname is frequently www, just as it may be ftp for an FTP server, news or nntp for a Usenet news server, etc. These hostnames are displayed as subdomain names or Domain Name System (DNS) names, such as www.example.com. No technological or policy norm mandates the usage of www, and many websites don't; the first web server was nxoc01.cern.ch. While the World Wide Web project page was supposed to be published at www.cern.ch and info.cern.ch was supposed to be the CERN home page, according to Paolo Palazzi, who worked at CERN alongside Tim Berners-Lee, the widespread use of www as a subdomain was an accident. However, the DNS records were never switched, and the practice of adding www to an institution's website domain name was subsequently copied. better source is required Many well-known websites still utilize the prefix, or they use other subdomain domains for specific purposes, like www2, secure, or en. Many of these web servers are configured so that the primary domain name (example.com), as well as the www subdomain (example.com), refer to the same website. However, some web servers only permit one configuration, or they may map to distinct websites. By setting up a CNAME record that points to a group of web servers, a subdomain name can be used to load balance incoming web traffic. The bare domain root cannot produce the same result since, at this time, only a subdomain can be used in a CNAME.
Some web browsers automatically try adding the prefix "www" to the beginning of it and maybe ".com," ".org," and ".net" at the end, depending on what might be lacking, when a user enters an incomplete domain name to a web browser in its address bar input field. For instance, typing "microsoft" could change to "http://www.microsoft.com/" while "openoffice" could change to "http://www.openoffice.org". Beginning in early 2003, while it was still known as "Firebird," the first versions of Firefox began to incorporate this capability, which was previously present in browsers like Lynx. [Untrustworthy source?] According to rumors, Microsoft received a US patent for the same concept in 2008, although it was just for mobile devices.
Www is typically pronounced double-u double-u double-u in English.
Dub-dub-dub is how some people pronounce it, especially in New Zealand.
In his "Podgrams" podcast series, Stephen Fry pronounces it as "wuh wuh wuh."
The World Wide Web is the only thing I am aware of whose reduced form takes three times longer to say than what it is short for, according to a joke made by English author Douglas Adams in The Independent on Sunday (1999). The World Wide Web is frequently translated into Mandarin Chinese using a phono-semantic match to wàn wéi wng (), which fulfills www and literally translates to "myriad-dimensional net" (better source needed). This translation captures the design idea and growth of the World Wide Web. According to Tim Berners-website, Lee's the official spelling of the World Wide Web is three distinct words, each capitalized, with no spaces in between. However, it's also frequently referred to as just the Web; for further information, see Capitalization of Internet. The www prefix has becoming less common, particularly as Online 2.0 web applications tried to brand and pronounce their domain names. Services like Gmail.com, Outlook.com, Myspace.com, Facebook.com, and Twitter.com are frequently stated without adding "www." (or, in fact, ".com" to the name) as the mobile Web has grown in popularity.